Huntsville served as Alabama’s temporary capital from 1819 to 1820.

The new voter registration laws, particularly the cumulative poll tax, also disenfranchised poor white voters. By 1941, whites constituted a slight majority of those disenfranchised by these laws, with 600,000 whites and 520,000 African Americans losing the ability to vote.

Alabama declared its secession from the Union on January 11, 1861.

In 2002, the 11th US Circuit Court ordered the removal of the Ten Commandments statue. Chief Justice Roy Moore refused to follow the court order, leading to protests. The monument was eventually removed in August 2003.

Industrial development related to World War II brought prosperity to Alabama. Rural workers moved to cities for better jobs, significantly increasing populations in cities like Mobile.

Alabama is home to 62 indigenous mammal species.

Politically, as part of the Deep South, Alabama is predominantly a conservative state and is known for its Southern culture.

Notable civil rights events in Alabama included the Montgomery bus boycott (1955–1956), Freedom Rides in 1961, and the 1965 Selma to Montgomery marches. These events contributed to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting ...Read more

Alabama receives an average of 56 inches (1,400 mm) of rainfall annually.